Can E-Signature be obtained for legal entities?
E-signature is the official identity card of the individuals (real persons) in the electronic environment. It can be issued only for individuals. Electronic certificate are not issued for legal entities.
Which Institutions/Organizations are using E-Signature?
Now, many governmental and private institutions start using e-signature within the scope of e-government transformation process.
Services offered in the electronic environment by our State to our country citizens are developed within the scope of e-government applications. E-government applications aim to provide the services to the citizens in a qualified, fast, seamless and secure manner. Citizens are required to have e-signatures in order ro benefit from e-government applications.
Some of the areas in which e-signature is used:
- Sending various banking transaction instructions to the banks.
- E-Government Gate Project.
- Undersecretariat of Customs - Summary and detailed declaration applications.
- Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade (UFT) - Inward Processing Regime (IPR) transactions.
- The first electronic signature application in the public scale is Inward Processing Regime Automation Project.
- Ministry of Finance, E-billing application.
- Ministry of Justice, National Judiciary Network Project.
- Ministry of Industry – Warranty Certificate, After Sales Services Qualification Certificate and Exemption Certificate Applications.
- Turkish Patent Institute - Trademark Applications.
- Central Registry Agency - Information Security and Certificate Services Implementation Project.
- TUBITAK-TEYDEB – Project applications.
- General Directorate of Free Zones - Implementation Program.
- Financial Crimes Investigation Board (MASAK) - Suspicious Transaction Reporting.
- Internal paperless office environment (permits, agreements, order forms, etc.), e-mail applications, intra-company correspondence, corporate applications over electronic environment.
- Ministry of Finance - Revenue Administration system VEDOP.
- Social Security E-Declaration Project.
- Capital Markets Board (CMB) and Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE).
How e-signature is related with e-Government Gate project?
- The most important step towards the transformation process of Turkey into an information society has been taken and e-Government Gate which carries public services to electronic environment has opened. With e-Government Gate Project which enables 21 public intitutions to provide their services in electronic environment, e-Government transformation process that was being discussed since 5 years is now began providing “service” to the corporations and citizens in real terms.
- Anyone who wishes now can get through e-Government Gate by means of 3 separate methods composed of electronic signature and mobile signature. Thus, services provided by government to its citizens can be conducted over the internet without any time and place restriction.
- However, at this point, all citizens served by public institutions should be correctly defined in the internet. In other words, controls made through identity checks in real life must be transferred to the internet with the same security level.
- The electronic signature comes into play here. E-signature and mobile signature are of great importance for correctly verifying the identity of citizens receiving service through electronic environment within the scope of e-Government Gate project.
- Citizens can create a password by going to PTT branches and submitting their ID cards, thereby they can get through e-Government Gate in this way. On the other hand, the passwords which are normally delivered in about 1 week to 10 days can only be used in e-Government Gate applications.
- In fact, in order to speed up Turkey’s e-Government transformation process, many important organizations such as Ministry of Industry, Turkish Patent Institute, Ministry of Justice and Development and Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade make the use of e-signature mandatory.
Citizens wishing to benefit from the services provided within the scope of e-Government Gate Project such as;
- The Prime Ministry Communication Center - Application Inquiry
- Social Security Institution - Service Scheme
- Business Inquiry and Application Open as to the Profile
- Job Application Status Inquiry
- Unemployment Compensation Application
- Unemployment Compensation Payment Followup
- Querying Outsatnding Debts to Turkish Employment Agency (İŞKUR)
- Ministry of Interior – Tracking Document Status
- Ministry of Transport – Civil Aviation Flight Crew Licensing Application
- Turkish State Railways (TCDD) – E-Ticket Reservation and Sales
- Undersecretariat of Maritime Affairs – Amateur Seaman's Certificate
are required to have password, e-signature or mobile signature
Use of E-Signature around the World
E-signature is started to be implemented by United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) upon the enactment of Model Law on Electronic Commerce in 1996 and Model Law on Electronic Signature in 2001, by making the necessary legal arrangements in countires of the world.
In Europe, the most widely used area of e-signature is in banking as well as in e-government applications to a limited extent.
E-government applications are on its way to become a rapidly growing e-signature application area. E-government applications are also developing in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Sweden, Estonia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania and United Kingdom. Belgium, Holland and Hungary are also planned to start these applications.
What are the examples of successful use of E-Signature in the world?
Germany, Köln (Cologne), City Card Project:
This Project includes the transfer operations of municipality service business processes in a secure electronic environment both for the employees and citizens. The electronic communication established between the citizens and municipality provides a solution for the needs such as an infrastructure for legally binding digital signatures, an open, forward-looking and standard solution wherein the smart cards and Open Key Infrastructure are integrated with each.
In line with this, the business processes are improved with the help of digital signatures; and with multi-application smart cards, the solution is applied to the areas of education, culture and health.
Italy, Ministry of Interior Identity Card Project:
Italy is the second country in Europe that started to implement electronic card. The solution produced by Italian Ministry of Interior to develop the identity recognition of its citizens and to move the relationship between the citizens and public authorities out of the buildings of public institutions has been established on a new identity card based smart-card technology. Within the scope of the project, safe and online electronic identity card distribution procedures and processes for the municipalies have been developed with central Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) management. In its pilot stage, the project has covered 83 municipalities and 280.000 citizens in the cities of Milan, Palma and Roma. The Italian Government will create approximately 40 million electronic identity cards within 5 years.